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In 1968 (November 29) the Presidium of the USSR
Academy of Sciences resolved in its decree No.863: “In accordance with the
decision No.15, item 4 (March 26, 1968) of the USSR Government State Committee
on Science and Technology the Institute of Spectroscopy of the USSR Academy of
Sciences should be organized on the basis of the Laboratory of the Commission
for Spectroscopy. The Institute is an institution of the USSR Academy of
Sciences Department of General Physics and Astronomy”.
Main scientific fields of the researches of the Institute were defined by
that decision but their content changed in time, and nowadays they may be
formulated in the following way:
1. Spectroscopy of atoms, ions, molecules, clusters, bulk and surface states of
condensed media and development of new methods of spectroscopy optics of near
field, nanooptics .
2. Laser spectroscopy with accent on specific influence of the light on a
substance and its application for isotope separation, cooling of atoms,
modification of molecules surrounding in matrices, and also in photochemistry,
photobiology, analytical chemistry, etc.
3. Analytical spectroscopy and its application in technology control, in
environmental monitoring, in life-support systems, in studies of natural and
technologic disasters, etc.
4. Development and design of unique spectral instrumentation, analytical
devices, lasers, registration systems, methods of measurements necessary for
research work and applications.
5. Training of researchers of highest qualification.
The qualification and abilities of the Institute
are generally recognized both in Russia and abroad. The founder of the Institute
and its director during the first 20 years, the USSR Acad. Sci. Corresponding
Member Professor Sergey L. Mandelstam did a great deal for choosing trends of
research work and gathering the scientific stuff representing various scientific
traditions and schools. It was he who laid the principles covering all the main
trends in spectroscopy, interaction of theoretical and experimental research
works both in fundamental and in applied researches, close relations with
universities and industry in the USSR and with advanced world research centers
as well.
The Institute carries out spectral investigations of atoms, multicharged ions,
plasma, molecules (both the simplest molecules in gas phase and complex organic
ones in solid matrices), liquids, crystals and films, multilayer thin
structures, superlattices, quantum wells, other nanostructures, high temperature
superconductors, solid state surfaces, biological objects.
The important scientific trend of the Institute from the very moment of its
foundation is provision with methods and apparatus for fundamental researches
based on the use of new methods of investigation for designing the spectral
instruments, and also the use of lasers, computers and other means for
substantial increase in sensitivity, spectral, temporal and spatial resolution,
precision and high speed of spectroscopic and analytical measurements. Many
methods and devices were based on inventions and were designed in the Institute,
and they are very promising as for their applications in national economy,
defense, medicine and ecology.
The studied spectra cover a wide spectral range from X-rays to microwaves. The
Institute has a series of unique spectral instruments and setups:
- instruments having high spectral resolution up to 10-6cm-1, time resolution up
to 3x10-14s, and local resolution up to 5 nm.
- methods and instruments for ultrasensitive detection of atom traces (isotopes)
and molecules in gaseous, liquid and solid samples with detection limit up to
several femtograms (10-15gram) in a sample;
- methods and instruments for investigation of ultra thin films (down to
monolayers) on the surface of metals and dielectrics and for new surface physics
data;
Over whelming majority of researches corresponds to the very high world
scientific levels. During 35 years of existence of the Institute more than 100
researches were qualified as Candidate of sciences (PhD equivalent) and 40
researches as Doctor of phys.-math. sciences. The list of Doctor dissertation
titles is in Appendix 1 as they do reflect the main trends of research works of
the Institute.
During this period our researches published more than 4800 articles in
scientific journals (about 2000 in leading international journals). 41
monographs are published, majority of them was translated in English.
The present (2011.01.01) structure of Institute
for Spectroscopy RAS:
The Institute is responsible for the Rus.Ac.Sci.
Scientific Council on the Problem “Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules” –
one of the oldest Council in the Department of Phisics Sciences RAS. During
the long time the chief of department was The founder of the Institute the
USSR Acad. Sci. Corresponding Member Professor Sergey L. Mandelstam .
Actually the head of Council is Russian Acad.Sci. Corresponding Member
Professor I.I.Sobel'man, the Deputy Chairman is Prof. E.A.Vinogradov and
Scientific Secretary is Dr. L.A.Bureyeva. Scientific Council on the Problem
“Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules” leads big scientific-organizing work
under the help of ISAN. In 2001 XXII Congress on spectroscopy was held. In
December 2003 was held XVII Conference “Fondamental Atomic Spectroscopy”.
At present 256 persons work in the Institute, 160 researches are working in
the scientific laboratories and scientific-technical divisions together with
physics engineers and post-graduate students, including 30 Professors, 53
Doctors, 40 employees of Experimental Production Department, about 40 - in
auxiliary services. Administrative and Management staff is 16 employees.
The founder of the Institute Professor S.L.Mandelstam was at the head of the
Institute till 1989. The present Director of the Institute is Prof.
E.A.Vinogradov, his Deputies are Prof. O.N.Kompanets (Scientific work),
A.Yu.Plodukhin (Deputy Financial Director) and E.I.Yulkin (General
problems), the Scientific Secretary is Dr. E.B.Perminov.
The Scientific Council considers all principal problems of the Institute
scientific activity and consists of E.A.Vinogradov (Council Chairman),
O.N.Kompanets (Deputy Chairman), E.B.Perminov (Scientific Secretary) and
leading scientists: E.A. Vinogradov (head), O.N. Kompanets (deputy
head), E.B. Perminov (scientific secretary), S.A. Aseev, P.S. Antsyferov,
V.I. Balykin, M.A. Bolschov, L.A. Bureeva, Yu.G. Vainer, A.M. Kamchatnov,
K.N. Koschelev, K.N. Krivtsun, Yu.E. Losovik, B.N. Mavrib, A.A. Makarov, G.N.
Makarov, A.G. Mal'shukov, A.V. Naumov, N.N. Novikova, M.N. Popova, E.A.
Ryabov, A.N. Ryabtsev, V.A. Yakovlev, E.V. Gorsky (head of professional
society).
The Institute has a Dissertation Council that gives qualification of Ph.D. (candidte
of sciences) and Prof. (doctor of sciences) of the specialties “Optics” and
“Theoretical Physics” (Council Chairman is E.A.Vinogradov, Scientific
Secretary is M.N.Popova).
The Quantum Optics Department (Chairman is Prof. E.A.Vinogradov and Deputy
Chairman is Prof. Yu.G. Vainer) of Moscow Physical-Technical Institute is
attached to the Institute of Spectroscopy and guarantees entering of
talented and promising young researches.
The Institute has license for education activities in the field of post
graduate education and habilitation for the following specialties: ”Optics”,
“Theoretical physics”, “Solid State Physics” and “Laser Physics”.
The scientific and technical library of the
Institute has one of the most perfect in Russia literature selection on
spectroscopy.
The Institute of Spectroscopy has
close connections with advanced research centers in Australia , Canada ,
China , Denmark , England , Finland , France , Germany , India , Italy ,
Japan , Korea , Spain , Switzerland , Sweden , USA , and carries out joint
research works.
The main awards and achievements of
employers of the Institute for Spectroscopy RAS:
S.L.Mandelstam was awarded the USSR State Prize for the works on x-rays
Solar emission (1977);
- Academician D.S.Rozhdestvensky Prize for the works on the spectroscopy of
multiply ionized atoms (1977);
V.S.Letokhov (together with V.P.Chebotaev ) was awarded the Lenin Prize for
the works on nonlinear laser spectroscopy (1978);
A.A.Makarov, Yu.A.Gorokhov, A.A.Puretsky, E.A.Ryabov, N.P.Furzikov were
awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize for the works on laser separation of
isotopes 1978);
M.R.Aliev - Prize of the USSR and Czechoslovakia Academies of Sciences for
the works on the theory of vibration-rotational spectroscopy of molecules
(1982);
V.G.Koloshnikov and Yu.A.Kuritsyn (in cooperation with researches from Ac.
Sci. Phys. Inst. and others) were awarded the USSR State Prize for the works
on diode laser Spectroscopy of high resolution (1985);
E.I.Alshits, L.A.Bykovskaya, R.I.Personov, B.M.Kharlamov (in cooperation
with the scientists from the Estonian Acad. Sci. Phys. Inst. and others)
were awarded the USSR State Prize for the works on selective laser
excitation of the luminescence in frozen solutions (1986);
V.M.Agranovich was awarded the Alexandre-fon Gumboldt Prize ( Germany ,
1992), the P.Kapitsa Prize (United Kingdom, 1993) for the works on solid
physics, and Academician L.I.Mandelstam Prize ( Russian Academy of Sciences
for theoretical investigations on surface spectroscopy (1997);
R.I.Personov was awarded the Alexandre-fon Gumboldt Prize ( Germany , 1995);
V.S.Letokhov - Honoris Causa Doctor of Paris-North University (France ,
1995);
V.S.Letokhov - Quantum Electronics Prize of the European Physical Society in
1998 for pioneering and far reaching contributions to the study of laser
matter interactions, including atom optics, laser cooling, laser induced
chemistry and laser analytical techniques (1998);
V.S.Letokhov, V.I.Balykin, V.G.Minogin were awarded Academician
D.S.Rozhdestvensky Prize for the cycle of works “Laser cooling and traping
of atoms” (2001);
O.N.Kompanets - Gold medal and Diploma of the 50th World Exhibition of
Innovation, Research and New Technology (Brussels, "Eureka", 2001);
V.S.Letokhov, E.A.Ryabov were awarded the State Prize of Russian Federation
in science and technology (2002) for their contribution to development of
“Scientific and Technological Fundamentals of Laser Isotope Separation Based
on Selective Dissociation of Molecules”;
Yu.E.Lozovik - “Nauka-Interperiodika” Prize for the best publication in
physics (2002);
O.N.Kompanets - Grand-Prix and Diploma for the victory in the 2nd
Competition of Russian Innovations (Moscow , 2003);
G.N.Makarov - “Nauka-Interperiodika” Prize for the best publication in
physics (2003);
V.I.Balykin - The Alexandr fon Gumboldt Prize (Germany , 2004);
Yu.G.Vainer - Academician D.S.Rozhdestvensky Prize of Presidium of RAS for
the notable works on optics (2004);
A.V.Naumov -
- Medal and Prize of Presidium of RAS for the young scientists of Russia
(2004);
- European Academy of Sciences Prize for the young scientists of Russia,
Division “Physics” (2004);
- Physica Status Solidi Young Researcher Award for his lectures offered at
the 11th International Conference on Phonon Scattering in Condensed Matter
(2004);
- SPIE Prize for the best poster lecture at the Higher Laser Workshop in
memory of A.Akhmanov (2004);
V.S.Letokhov - Honoris Causa Doctor of Lund University (Sweden, 2005);
V.M.Agranovich - Honoris Causa Doctor of B.Pascal University (France, 2005).
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